• Tuotekuvaus

  Introduction
  
  Replacing lost teeth with dental implants is today a reliable treatment
  method associated with good long-term clinical results. Different
  surface modifications alter the surface topography at micro- and
  nanometer level of resolution as well as chemical properties, which
  have shown to be of importance for osseointegration. Research
  within the field of implantology is still intense and aims at further
  improving the implant properties to achieve successful treatments
  for patients with compromised bone as well as developing a surface
  that provides faster integration to shorten the treatment period.
  Furthermore, more basic science data is needed to increase our
  understanding of the mechanisms involved in osseointegration.
  The significance of the surface topography on the micrometer
  level for implant integration is well known. However, the knowledge
  of how and to what extent nanostructures may be of importance in
  early bonehealing and osseointegration remains to be investigated.
  
  Aim
  
  The overall aim of this thesis was to describe a technique to
  characterize commercial oral implants on the nanometer level when
  nanostructures are applied on a microroughness and to investigate
  whether or not the nanometer surface roughness was correlated to
  the more well-known micrometer roughnesss; to study the real-time
  initial cellular interactions of human osteoblasts and fibroblasts to
  different implant surfaces with and without a coat of nanocrystalline
  hydroxyapatite; and to evaluate the early bone response to a
  nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite coating (nano-HA) applied on
  smooth cylindrical and moderately rough screw-shaped implants. Materials and Methods
  Twelve different commercial screw-shaped dental implants with
  different surface modifications were examined using optical
  interferometry together with Gaussian digital filters and scanning
  electron microscopy (SEM). Human osteoblasts and fibroblasts
  were used when investigating the initial cell-surface interaction to
  different surfaces modifications with optical tweezers (OT) and
  quartz crystal balance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). To
  evaluate the effect of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nano-HA)
  compared to nanosized particles of titanium in early bone response,
  smooth cylindrical titanium implants with no microroughness were
  inserted in rabbit tibia. The implant surfaces were examined using
  atomic force microscopy (AFM) and interferometry. To evaluate the
  biological response, histological analyses including bone contact
  (BIC) and bone area (BA), as well as qualitative analysis were
  performed. Furthermore, screw-shaped sandblasted and acid etched
  titanium implants coated with nano-HA of different thicknesses
  and un-coated controls were evaluated in rabbit tibia as well as
  femur. Interferometry, SEM and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  (XPS) were used to characterize the implant surface topography and
  chemical composition. Biomechanical and histological evaluations
  including BA, newly formed bone and qualitative evaluations were
  performed.
  
  Results
  
  The studies showed that it is possible to characterize the surface
  nanoroughness of commercially dental implants using interferometry.
  A 1x1μm Gaussian filter was found useful to identify nanoroughness
  in terms of height deviation. It was demonstrated that the implants
  do have distinct roughness on the nanometer level of resolution and
  that the nanoroughness is not correlated to the microroughness
  when comparing mean surface roughness (Sa). Significant differences
  in Sa on the nanometer scale were found among some of the
  implants investigated. However, to detect specific nanostructures
  an additional SEM examination is necessary. The results from
  optical trap experiments showed that both osteoblasts and
  fibroblasts responded in a similar way towards most of the surfaces. No difference in initial cell attachment could be detected between
  the surfaces when using the QCM-D technique.
  A nano-HA coating applied on smooth cylindrical implants did
  not enhance bone responses in terms of bone contact (BIC) and bone
  area (BA) values as compared to nano-titania.
  Screw-shaped sandblasted and acid etched titanium implants
  with applied nanothick (~20nm) coating of nano-HA with similar Sa
  values on both micro- and nanometer scale of resolution presented
  similar removal torque values, BA values and showed similar
  amounts of newly formed bone as compared to un-coated controls
  when placed in cortical bone. The same result was demonstrated in
  trabecular bone with a submicron thick coating of nano-HA onto
  sandblasted and acid etched screw-shaped implants.
  
  Conclusions
  
  Within the limits of the studies in this thesis, it was demonstrated
  that commercially available oral implants do have nanoroughness
  of various amounts and that the nanoroughness is not correlated to
  the microroughness. It was demonstrated possible to observe cell attachment using
  optical trapping and QCM-D, however no obvious differences
  between the surfaces could be detected. A nano-HA coating applied on cylindrical titanium implants did not enhance early bone response compared to a nano-titania coating
  when evaluated in cortical bone. Furthermore, sandblasted and acid
  etched screw-shaped implants with applied coatings of different
  thicknesses of nano-HA perform similar as un-coated controls when
  evaluated in cortical and trabecular bone.

• Tuotetiedot

  • Kustantaja / Valmistaja Malmö högskola
  • ISBN 9789171043849
  • Tuotekoodi 9789171043849
  • Kirjoittajat Lory Melin Svanborg
  • Kieli Englanti
  • Thema-luokitus Hammaslääketiede
  • Ilmestymispäivä 01.03.2018
  • Vuosi 2018
  • Tuoteryhmä Ruots muu tieto
  • Tuotepääryhmä Ruotsinkieliset kirjat
  • Tuotelinja Kirjat
  • Sivumäärä 142
  • Kirjastoluokka MKE
  • Pituus (mm) 240
  • Leveys (mm) 160
  • Korkeus (mm) 9
  • Paino (g) 292
  • Tuotemuoto Pehmeäkantinen
  • Tuotemuodon lisätiedot Haka- tai satulasidottu
  • ALV 13,5%

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